Pedasa (Greek: Πήδασα) was an ancient city located 15 km northeast of modern Bodrum (ancient Halicarnassus). It was founded by the Leleges - a mysterious pre-Hellenic people who inhabited southwestern Asia Minor during the Bronze Age (2nd millennium BCE).
The Leleges, mentioned by Herodotus, were known for their warlike nature and lived in fortified hilltop settlements. Pedasa served as one of their key centers. Later, during the 6th-5th centuries BCE, the city came under the influence of the Carian Kingdom before becoming part of the Persian Empire.
Pedasa`s Golden Age and Downfall
Pedasa flourished during the Archaic and Classical periods (7th-4th centuries BCE). It controlled fertile valleys and trade routes between Halicarnassus and inland Caria.
The city earned its place in history by rebelling against the Persians in 499 BCE. In retaliation, Persian satrap Oretes ordered its destruction. However, Pedasa was partially rebuilt and continued to exist until the Hellenistic era (3rd-2nd centuries BCE), after which it gradually declined and was abandoned.
Pedasa`s Remains Today
The ruins of Pedasa are located on Gökçeler Hill, surrounded by pine forests. Visitors can see:
• Fortification walls (partially preserved) - built with large, unworked stones characteristic of Lelegian architecture
• Remains of towers and residential structures
• Stone cisterns - evidence of an advanced water supply system
• Rock-cut tombs - likely belonging to local nobility
How to Get There and Tips
The site is accessible via a 30-minute hiking trail from Konacık village. As the archaeological zone is undeveloped, sturdy footwear is essential. Renting a car is the most convenient way to visit.
Why Visit Pedasa?
Pedasa offers an off-the-beaten-path archaeological experience, allowing visitors to connect with the era of the Leleges and Carian Kingdom. Unlike touristy Bodrum, the site remains peaceful, with panoramic views of Gökova Bay from the hilltop.
Interesting fact: According to legend, Pedasa`s residents received supernatural warnings of impending disasters - their beards would suddenly start growing (Herodotus, "Histories", I.175).
For travelers seeking unconventional ancient sites, Pedasa makes a perfect detour en route to Gümüşlük village or Turgutreis beaches. Its untouched atmosphere and historical significance create a memorable contrast to Bodrum`s bustling resorts.
