In the picturesque city of Polotsk, one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe, lies a unique historical and cultural monument—the Borisov Stone. This massive boulder, covered with ancient inscriptions and symbols, is a remarkable artifact. Its uniqueness lies in the fact that it combines elements of both pagan and Christian cultures.
The Borisov Stone belongs to the category of so-called "boulders with crosses" or "cross stones," which were widespread in the territory of ancient Rus in the 12th century. These stones were typically placed near rivers or on elevated grounds, serving as boundary markers and symbolizing the Christian faith.
The name "Borisov Stone" is associated with Prince Boris Vseslavich of Polotsk, who ruled in the early 12th century. It is believed that it was by his order that a cross and an inscription were carved on the stone, which reads: "Lord, help your servant Boris."
According to some sources, before the adoption of Christianity, local residents revered these massive boulders, considering them sacred. However, with the spread of the new faith, Prince Boris Vseslavich of Polotsk decided to eradicate pagan traditions in the late 12th century. To achieve this, he ordered Christian symbols—crosses and religious inscriptions—to be carved on the stones. Thus, the Borisov Stone, which may have once been an object of worship, was transformed into a monument symbolizing the early spread of Christianity in Rus.
The Borisov Stone is a massive red granite boulder weighing several tons. Its dimensions are impressive: about 3 meters in length, 2.5 meters in width, and over 2 meters in height. On the surface of the stone, a large cross is carved, occupying the central part. Around the cross, there is an inscription in Old Russian, mentioning the name of Prince Boris. Additionally, various symbols and signs can be seen on the stone, which likely held sacred significance for the people of that time.
Originally, the Borisov Stone was located on the banks of the Western Dvina River, near Polotsk. However, in the 20th century, due to changes in the river`s course and the threat of the monument`s destruction, it was decided to move it to a safer location. In 1981, the stone was relocated to the grounds of the St. Sophia Cathedral in Polotsk, where it remains to this day. This location was chosen for a reason: the St. Sophia Cathedral, built in the 11th century, is one of the most significant architectural monuments in Belarus and symbolizes the spiritual and cultural heritage of the country.
Many legends and tales are associated with the Borisov Stone. One of them claims that the stone possesses magical powers and can heal illnesses. Local residents also believe that if you touch the stone and make a wish, it will surely come true.
