The Chao Phraya River is the main waterway of Thailand, stretching 372 km from the confluence of the Ping and Nan rivers in Nakhon Sawan Province to the Gulf of Thailand. Its name translates as the "River of Kings," highlighting its historical and economic significance. Depending on the season, its depth ranges from 5 to 20 meters, while its width in Bangkok reaches up to 1 kilometer.
Since the Ayutthaya period (14th century), the river has served as Thailand’s primary transportation artery, used for moving goods, construction materials, and even city defense. In the 19th century, Bangkok was called the "Venice of the East" due to its network of 400 canals. Houses stood on stilts, and goods were sold directly from boats. Before roads were built, boats were the main means of transportation in Bangkok. With urban development, many canals were filled in, but some remain in the Thonburi and Nonthaburi districts.
Chao Phraya in Bangkok: "Venice of the East"
Within the city, the river forms winding branches and canals (khlongs), which were once the main transport routes. Today, the Chao Phraya remains:
• A transport artery – ferries, water taxis, and tourist boats navigate its waters.
• A tourist hub – its banks are adorned with temples, palaces, and skyscrapers.
• A festival venue – in November, Loy Krathong takes place here, when thousands of floating lanterns are released onto the water.
Major Attractions Along the Riverbanks
All of Bangkok’s main landmarks are located along the Chao Phraya:
• Wat Arun (Temple of Dawn)
• The Grand Palace and Wat Phra Kaew (Temple of the Emerald Buddha)
• Wat Pho (Temple of the Reclining Buddha)
• Taling Chan Floating Market
• Bangkok National Museum
Modern Floating Markets on the Chao Phraya
• Damnoen Saduak (80 km from Bangkok) – The most famous but touristy market selling fruits, souvenirs, and local food. Best time to visit: 7:00–9:00 AM.
• Amphawa (within the city) – An authentic market open from 4:00 PM to 9:00 PM. Try pad thai and coconut pancakes.
• Taling Chan (closest to the city center) – Retains an old-world charm, specializing in fresh fish and spices.
Tips for Tourists
• Take a boat ride through the canals – a ticket costs around 50 baht.
• Join an evening dinner cruise – the views of Bangkok at night are unforgettable.
The Chao Phraya is not just a river but the soul of Bangkok, where history and modernity merge – from golden temples to glittering skyscrapers. Be sure to take a boat ride to see the city as the kings of Siam envisioned it!
