The Ancient Theatre of Bodrum was built in the 4th century BC during the reign of Mausolus, the satrap of Caria—the same ruler whose tomb (the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus) became one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Carved into the slope of Göktepe Hill, about 2 km northwest of modern Bodrum (ancient Halicarnassus).
The Theatre of Bodrum was constructed under the direction of Greek architects, following classical Hellenistic traditions. It served as a venue for theatrical performances, political assemblies, and possibly gladiatorial combats during the Roman era.
Architecture and Dimensions of the Ancient Theatre of Bodrum
Built in a classic Greco-Roman style with Hellenistic influences, the theatre features:
• Capacity: Approximately 13,000 spectators (compared to Ephesus Theatre, which held 25,000).
• Diameter: ~100 meters.
• Height: ~30 meters (from the orchestra to the top tiers).
Key Sections:
• Theatron (seating area) – 55 rows divided into 9 wedges (corresponding to the entrances).
• Orchestra (semi-circular chorus platform) – ~20 meters in diameter.
• Skene (stage building) – Only foundations remain.
• The theatre utilizes the natural hillside slope, a hallmark of Greek architecture.
Performances Held Here. In ancient times, the theatre hosted:
• Tragedies by Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides.
• Comedies by Aristophanes and Menander.
• Musical and poetic competitions.
• Religious ceremonies honoring Dionysus.
During the Roman period (1st–3rd centuries AD), it may have also been used for gladiatorial games.
What Remains today of the Ancient Theatre of Bodrum?
Partially destroyed by earthquakes and later quarried for building materials in the Middle Ages, the theatre still retains:
• Seating tiers (the lower 30 rows are well-preserved).
• Orchestra (paved with stone slabs).
• Fragments of the skene (actors` dressing area).
• Staircases and passageways (diazomata).
Restoration: In the 1970s, the theatre was partially restored and now occasionally hosts concerts and performances, including during the Bodrum Festival. Though smaller than the theatres of Ephesus or Pergamon, the Ancient Theatre of Bodrum offers stunning sea views and an authentic glimpse into antiquity.
