The Xuanmiao Taoist Temple (Xuánmiào Guàn) is one of the oldest and most revered Taoist temples in China. Located in the historic center of Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, it serves as an important center of Taoist culture. The temple was built in 276 AD during the Western Jin Dynasty (265–316 AD) and was originally named the "Temple of True Unity" (Zhēnqìng Dàoyuàn).
During the Tang (618–907 AD) and Song (960–1279 AD) dynasties, the temple became a major religious and cultural hub. In the 10th century, it was renamed "Xuanmiao", meaning the "Temple of Mysterious Wonder". In 1130, the temple was significantly expanded, and in 1584 (Ming Dynasty), its main hall, the Sanqing Hall (Hall of the Three Purities), was reconstructed. The temple faced decline in the 20th century but was restored and reopened to the public in the 1980s.
Who is the Temple Dedicated To?
The Xuanmiao Temple is dedicated to the Three Pure Ones (Sanqing)—the highest deities in the Taoist pantheon:
• Yuqing (Jade Purity) – The Celestial Worthy of Primordial Beginning (Yuánshǐ Tiānzūn).
• Shangqing (Upper Purity) – The Celestial Worthy of Numinous Treasure (Língbǎo Tiānzūn).
• Taiqing (Great Purity) – The Celestial Worthy of the Tao and Virtue (Dàodé Tiānzūn), also known as Laozi.
Other revered Taoist deities include the Jade Emperor (Yùhuáng) – Supreme ruler of Heaven and the God of Wealth (Cáishén) – Worshipped for prosperity.
Architecture and Halls
The Xuanmiao Temple covers an extensive area and consists of several structures built in traditional Chinese style.
1. Main Gate (Shānmén). The entrance is adorned with stone steles and carved dragons, with the temple’s name inscribed above.
2. Hall of the Three Purities (Sānqīng Diàn). The main hall, built in 1584, is one of the few remaining wooden structures from the Ming Dynasty.
• Inside are statues of the Three Pure Ones, crafted in traditional style.
• The ceiling is decorated with carved phoenixes and dragons, while the walls feature Taoist murals and symbols.
3. Hall of the Jade Emperor (Yùhuáng Diàn). Dedicated to the supreme deity of Taoism. Features a statue of the Jade Emperor in imperial robes.
4. Hall of the God of Wealth (Cáishén Diàn). A popular spot for pilgrims praying for prosperity.
5. Drum and Bell Towers – Used for ceremonial rituals.
6. Garden and Courtyard – Features ancient trees and stone inscriptions.
Sculptures and Relics
• Statues of the Three Pure Ones (main hall) – Made of wood and gilded.
• Depictions of the Eight Immortals (Bāxiān) – Adorn the side walls.
• Stone steles with calligraphy from imperial eras.
Traditions and Rituals
• Daily Taoist services – Including prayers and scripture recitations.
• Festivals – The birthday of Laozi (15th day of the 2nd lunar month) is celebrated grandly.
• Fortune-telling and blessings – Visitors can receive predictions from Taoist monks.
What Can Tourists See?
• Ming Dynasty architecture – Wooden structures built without nails.
• Taoist rituals performed by monks.
• Ancient Chinese ambiance – Incense, traditional music.
• Souvenir shops selling Taoist amulets and books.
The Xuanmiao Temple is not only a religious center of Taoism but also a monument of Chinese architecture. It preserves ancient Taoist traditions and attracts visitors with its authentic atmosphere. A visit to this temple is a journey into China’s history and spiritual culture.
