Yuyuan Garden, meaning "Garden of Happiness" or "Garden of Peaceful Relaxation," was built in 1559 during China`s Ming Dynasty. It was created by Pan Yunduan, a high-ranking government official who wanted to build a beautiful retreat where his elderly parents could enjoy nature without leaving Shanghai.
The garden took nearly 20 years to complete (finished in 1577) and cost a fortune. According to legend, Pan Yunduan spent all his money on the garden and his family lost ownership of it by the 1600s. Over the years, the garden was damaged during wars like the Opium Wars and Taiping Rebellion. It was fully restored by the Shanghai government in 1956 and opened to visitors.
Design and Layout of Yuyuan Garden
Yuyuan Garden is a perfect example of classical Chinese garden design from the Ming Dynasty. While it covers just 2 hectares (about 5 acres), its clever design makes it feel much larger.
The garden has six main areas connected by winding paths, bridges, and traditional buildings:
• Sansui Hall - The largest pavilion, used for greeting important guests
• Wanhua Chamber Courtyard - Filled with beautiful flowering plants
• Dianchun Hall - Once the headquarters of the Small Swords Society rebels
• Huanlong Area ("Surrounded by Dragon") - Features a peaceful pond and famous Dragon Wall
• Inner Garden - A smaller garden added later with miniature landscapes
• Yulinglong Pavilion - Home to a special ornamental rock
Must-See Features of Yuyuan Garden
• Exquisite Jade Rock - A 3.3-meter tall limestone rock from Lake Taihu that looks like jade
• Zigzag Bridge - A winding bridge said to confuse evil spirits
• Mid-Lake Teahouse - A picturesque teahouse standing over the water
• Five-Dragon Wall - Decorated with ceramic dragon designs
• Wanhua Tower - Offers beautiful views that change with the seasons
Visiting Today
Yuyuan Garden is now one of Shanghai`s top attractions, located next to the busy Yuyuan shopping area. For the best experience:
• Come early in the morning to avoid crowds
• Visit in the evening to see the lights
• Try famous soup dumplings (xiaolongbao) at nearby restaurants
• Combine your visit with nearby Gucheng Park and the Bund
The garden shows the perfect harmony of Chinese architecture, nature, and history, making it a must-see in Shanghai. Its clever design proves that even small spaces can feel grand and peaceful when carefully planned.
